Many people are unaware that certain common medications can seriously affect memory and brain health. In this article, we review eight classes of medications that studies have linked to an increased risk of dementia.
Why can medications affect memory?
Some medications affect neurotransmitters in the brain or block the absorption of important nutrients. With long-term use, these effects can lead to cognitive decline.
8 drug groups that may increase the risk of dementia
1. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
Omeprazole, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole reduce stomach acid production. A study of 6,000 participants found that 10 percent of those taking omeprazole for three years experienced memory loss. These drugs can impair the absorption of vitamin B12, which is essential for nerve cells.
2. Anticholinergics
They are used to treat Parkinson’s disease and urinary tract disorders. A study from the University of Washington found that people who regularly took anticholinergics had a 54 percent higher risk of developing dementia.
3. Corticosteroids
Long-term use, especially of oral corticosteroids, has been linked to an increased risk of dementia. They affect levels of the stress hormone cortisol in the brain.
4. Benzodiazepinek
Alprazolam and diazepam can double the risk of Alzheimer’s disease with long-term use, with about 40 percent of users experiencing neurological symptoms.
