An emergency that often reveals a vascular problem
Whatever form this sudden loss of vision takes, it should always be considered a medical emergency .
The causes are numerous, but they are most often linked to impaired blood vessel health. Among the main risk factors are atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, diabetes, glaucoma, certain clotting disorders, and inflammatory diseases affecting the blood vessels. A clot originating from the heart or carotid arteries can also cause this blockage.
According to Dr. Gérald Kierzek, emergency physician and medical director of Doctissimo, an eye stroke never occurs by chance. It can be the first sign of a more general cardiovascular problem. This is why a complete workup is usually performed to determine the cause of the occlusion, including an electrocardiogram, carotid ultrasound, and blood tests.
Treatments that depend on the form of the condition
In cases of central retinal artery occlusion, treatment options remain limited. No strategy has demonstrated clear efficacy when intervention occurs more than four to six hours after the onset of symptoms. Doctors may attempt to reduce pressure inside the eye or offer treatments designed to restore blood flow, but the visual prognosis often remains poor.
When the occlusion involves the central retinal vein, several treatments can limit complications. Intraocular injections of anti-VEGF can reduce retinal edema. Depending on the situation, laser treatment or corticosteroids may also be offered. Visual recovery is sometimes possible, although it is often incomplete.
There is only one thing to do: if you experience a sudden loss of vision in one eye, consult an ophthalmologist immediately or go to the emergency room. Prompt treatment can preserve your vision and allow for the detection of any potential cardiovascular problems.
